What Is Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a serious psychiatric condition marked by an overwhelming and constant concern with imagined or minor flaws in one's physical appearance. These perceived defects may be unnoticeable to others but cause significant distress and impairment to the individual.
Symptoms of BDD
People with BDD typically experience:
- Persistent focus on specific body parts seen as flawed
- Frequent mirror checking or excessive grooming
- Avoidance of social situations due to embarrassment about appearance
- Comparing themselves harshly to others
- Seeking reassurance about their looks but feeling temporarily relieved
- Repetitive behaviors like skin picking or excessive makeup application
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of BDD is unclear, but several factors contribute:
- Genetics may play a role, as it can run in families
- Brain function abnormalities related to perception and emotional regulation
- Environmental influences such as bullying, trauma, or cultural pressure on appearance
Treatment Approaches
Effective treatment usually combines:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), focusing on changing negative thoughts and behaviors related to appearance
- Medications, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which can reduce obsessive preoccupations and anxiety
- Support groups and education to improve coping skills and self-esteem
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to reduce distress and prevent worsening of symptoms.
“BDD is a disabling psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive and persistent preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in appearance.”
This disorder causes intense self-criticism over minor or imagined appearance flaws, making professional help essential for recovery and improved quality of life.
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